Athlete Motivation 5 Quick Tips only for you, Number 5 can change your life completely
Athlete Motivation
In sport, motivations are diverse and often
overlap (Most, 1983). The main aspects can be traced back to the need for
movement, that is, the search for gratification through kinesthetic sensations,
and the need for validation. Assertiveness through sport can express the need
to find meaning in one's existence (Tamorri, Manili, Baldo, 1988), to become
aware of one's limitations, to give one's body meaning again, to be able to
impose oneself and to have prestige.
There are two main classes of motivation research in sport:
·
primary motivations
·
secondary motivations
Play and agonism found in the most
rewarding human activities are recognized in the primary motivations.
Play is a fundamental activity common to
all individuals. At the biological level, it helps restore neurodynamic balance
through a motor discharge that gives way to a free and pleasurable activity
that stimulates the development of all the psychophysiological components of
man (Antonelli and Salvini, 1987). Agonism corresponds to the demand to measure
oneself with nature, with oneself and with others
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Alongside the primary motivations,
secondary motivations emerge, the presence and importance of which varies from
athlete to athlete depending on their personality. These can be identified as:
1)
Psychobiological factors. They have their origin in the constitution of the
individual, i.e. in his psycho-vegetative functions. They are divided into
homeostatic, that is, to restore balance, and autoplastic, related to somatic
growth processes.
2) Psychopathological factors. They help to reduce inner psychological tension and conflicts.
They are divided into: masculinity complex (desire to conform to the models
proposed as ideals by the media and commonplace); Narcissism (excessive self-love):
striving for power (resistance to others through ego hypertrophy to overcome an
inferiority complex) and inferiority complex (attempting to compensate for
certain deficits of a physical or mental nature through sporting activity).
3) Sociocultural factors: belonging (desire to belong to a group); social recognition
(satisfaction of the individual within his social group); Achievements or
performance (need for confirmation as a need for self-realization); Economic
factor (recognition of success
achieved through money) and social mobility (need for social advancement
through sport).
4) Psychological Factors: Expressions of motivations closely related to the emotional,
affective, communicative, individual, projective, cathartic, ethnic and
aesthetic aspects of each individual. The athlete interacting with the
environment and their own emotions affects their life choices.
there are other important motivational components in the field of sport:
1) Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsically motivated people are usually competent and
self-determined in successfully controlling and explaining their abilities. An
external reinforcement, positive or negative, implies an extrinsic increase in the
level of motivation.
2) Direct and indirect motivation. The methods used to directly motivate an athlete are: consensus,
identification, and internalization. Indirectly, the athlete can be motivated
by changing the physical and psychological environment.
3) Position of the controller. The tendency to attribute events to chance leads athletes to
define locus of control as having an external type, while those who view events
as dependent on their behavior attribute control to an internal type (Fig. 2.2).
The "internal" athletes have a greater ability to correct mistakes
than the "external" ones, as they have good abilities to delay
receiving rewards and rewards.
4) Athlete's needs. A need that needs to be satisfied becomes a goal. The primary
needs include seeking stimuli, belonging, and validation.
Other types of motivation in sport are:
1) Success factor/social position: Motivations closely related to competition.
2) Fitness/Ability Factor.
Subjective desire to feel fit and to improve one's abilities.
3) Extrinsic amplification factor. Motivation related to the influence of the social environment,
especially in relation to the people who are emotionally closest to us.
4) Team Factor. desire, with others
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